redis介绍：
redis是一个key-value的内存存储系统，和memcache类似，但能够支持数据持久化。redis支持存储的数据类型非常多，包括：字符串、哈希表、链表、集合、有序集合以及基于这些数据类型的相关操作。redis使用C语言开发，针对内存分配方面做了优化。Redis支持的客户端语言也非常丰富，常用的计算机语言如C、C#、C++、Object-C、PHP、Python、 Java、Perl、Lua、Erlang等均有可用的客户端来访问Redis服务器。目前redis无论在大公司还是小公司都有着广泛的应用。
redis安装：
redis安装比较简单，直接下载源码编译安装即可，当时事先要安装gcc，以redhat系列系统为例：
# yum install -y gcc # tar -czvf redis.tar.gz # cd redis # make && make test && make install
make test这一步是测试redis的基本功能，确保redis能在你的机器上正常运行。
启动redis：
# redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
配置文件的具体意义等下介绍
一个具体的配置文件如下：
daemonize yes
pidfile "/var/run/redis.pid"
port 6381
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 0
loglevel notice
logfile "/var/log/redis.log"
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename "dump.rdb"
dir "/var/lib/redis/"
masterauth "go-redis"
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
repl-backlog-size 1mb
slave-priority 100
requirepass "go-redis"
appendonly no
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
aof-load-truncated yes
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
latency-monitor-threshold 0
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-entries 512
list-max-ziplist-value 64
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
设置redis的主备关系：
# redis-cli -a testpass -p 6381 > slaveof 10.1.1.2 6381 OK
或者执行：
# redis-cli -a testpass -p 6381 slaveof 10.1.1.2 6381
查看主备配对关系：
# redis-cli -p 6381 info replication # Replication role:slave master_host:1.1.1.2 master_port:6381 master_link_status:down master_last_io_seconds_ago:-1 master_sync_in_progress:0 slave_repl_offset:0 master_link_down_since_seconds:1507368352 slave_priority:100 slave_read_only:1 connected_slaves:0 master_replid:da725ce3153f5e4bf544924293259aaa31b728f2 master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 master_repl_offset:0 second_repl_offset:-1 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0
取消主备关系：
[root@rh6350G redis]# redis-cli -p 6381 slaveof NO ONE OK [root@rh6350G redis]# redis-cli -p 6381 info replication # Replication role:master connected_slaves:0 master_replid:c4090d642878080ab4d59bbe847e94aab294d6b8 master_replid2:da725ce3153f5e4bf544924293259aaa31b728f2 master_repl_offset:0 second_repl_offset:1 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0
配置sentinel：
sentinel是来监控redis的组件，sentinel本身是一个集群，一般配置3个或者5个节点以保证高可用性，类似zookeeper集群。一个sentinel的典型的配置文件如下：
port 26380 daemonize yes logfile "/var/log/sentinel_log.log" dir "/tmp" sentinel monitor master0 10.1.1.1 6381 2 sentinel down-after-milliseconds master0 15000 sentinel auth-pass master0 go-redis sentinel config-epoch master0 156 sentinel leader-epoch master0 156 sentinel known-slave master0 10.1.1.1 6381 sentinel known-sentinel master0 10.1.1.1 26380 5970281bfa14f40f3ba8b75a2f87d570aac99bc8 sentinel known-sentinel master0 10.1.1.3 26380 59ee62deddd88597e591c288a65b20d865df12d6 sentinel monitor master2 10.1.1.3 6381 2 sentinel down-after-milliseconds master2 15000 sentinel auth-pass master2 go-redis sentinel config-epoch master2 158 sentinel leader-epoch master2 158 sentinel known-slave master2 10.1.1.1 6381 sentinel known-slave master2 10.1.1.4 6381 sentinel known-sentinel master2 10.1.1.1 26380 5970281bfa14f40f3ba8b75a2f87d570aac99bc8 sentinel known-sentinel master2 10.1.1.3 26380 59ee62deddd88597e591c288a65b20d865df12d6 sentinel monitor master1 10.1.1.1 6382 2 sentinel down-after-milliseconds master1 15000 sentinel auth-pass master1 go-redis sentinel config-epoch master1 153 sentinel leader-epoch master1 153 sentinel known-slave master1 10.1.1.2 6382 sentinel known-sentinel master1 10.1.1.1 26380 5970281bfa14f40f3ba8b75a2f87d570aac99bc8 sentinel known-sentinel master1 10.1.1.3 26380 59ee62deddd88597e591c288a65b20d865df12d6 sentinel monitor master3 10.1.1.3 6382 2 sentinel down-after-milliseconds master3 15000 sentinel auth-pass master3 go-redis sentinel config-epoch master3 139 sentinel leader-epoch master3 135 sentinel known-slave master3 10.1.1.4 6382 sentinel known-sentinel master3 10.1.1.1 26380 5970281bfa14f40f3ba8b75a2f87d570aac99bc8 sentinel known-sentinel master3 10.1.1.3 26380 59ee62deddd88597e591c288a65b20d865df12d6 sentinel current-epoch 158
这个例子中，10.1.1.1，10.1.1.2，10.1.1.3，这三台机器都部署sentinel，来监控10.1.1.1和10.1.1.2这两台redis服务器。
启动sentinel：
# redis-sentinel /etc/redis/sentinel.conf
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