c++链表与C语言链表的主要区别:

在定义链表节点(结构体)之后,用class将其封装(封装相关函数以及一个结点指针,用来指向整个链表)。进而相关函数可通过使用该结点指针而减少函数形参的使用(递归函数除外)。

 

以下是结构体节点和class封装后的类:

struct node{            //链表节点

int data;

struct node*next;

};

class List{             //链表类

private: struct node*Head;

public: List();

void Create();

void Output();

void Find();

void Add();

void Delete();

};

 

以下是完整的代码:

#include<iostream>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

using namespace std;

struct node{

int data;

struct node*next;

};

class List{

private: struct node*Head;

public: List();

void Create();

void Output();

void Find();

void Add();

void Delete();

};

List::List() {               

Head = new node;

Head->next = NULL;

}

void List::Create(){

int n;

printf("请输入链表个数:");

scanf("%d",&n);

struct node*build;

struct node*tail;

int t=1;

printf("请依次输入链表数据:");

build=(struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));

scanf("%d",&(build->data));

build->next=NULL;

Head=build;

tail=build;

while(t<n){

build=(struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));

scanf("%d",&(build->data));

build->next=NULL;

tail->next=build;

tail=build;

t++;

}

}

void List::Output(){

struct node*first=Head;

while(first!=NULL){

cout<<first->data<<" ";

first=first->next;

}

}

void List::Find(){

int n=1,key;

printf("请输入要查找的数据:");

scanf("%d",&key);

struct node*p=Head;

while(p!=NULL&&(p->data!=key)){

p=p->next;

n++;

}

if(p==NULL) printf("不存在要查找的数   ");

else printf("要查找的数位于链表的第%d位   ",n);

}

void List::Add(){

int t=1,n,need;

printf("请输入要添加的元素:");

scanf("%d",&need);

printf("请输入要添加的元素的位置:");

scanf("%d",&n);

struct node*p=Head;

struct node*p1=NULL;

while(t<=n){

p1=p;

p=p->next;

t++;

}

struct node*addition;

addition=(struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));

addition->data=need;

p1->next=addition;

addition->next=p;

}

void List::Delete(){

int key;

struct node*q;

printf("请输入你要删除的数:");

scanf("%d",&key);

struct node*p1=Head;

struct node*p2=NULL;

while(p1!=NULL&&(p1->data!=key)){

p2=p1;

p1=p1->next;

}

if(p1==NULL) printf("未找到要删除的数");

else{

q=p1;

p2->next=p1->next;

p1=p1->next;

free(q);

}

}

int main(){

List list1;

list1.Create();

list1.Output();

list1.Add();

list1.Output();

list1.Delete();

list1.Output();

list1.Find();

return 0;

}

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