我们需要做以下工作:

(1)安装VMware,运行CentOs系统,一个做master,一个做node。

(2)安装K8s。

(3)安装docker和部分镜像会需要访问外网,所以你需要做些网络方面的准备工作,大家可以去某宝找一下,或者在网络上找别人下好的也可以。

 

一、安装VMware

官网地址:https://my.vmware.com/zh/web/vmware/downloads  (网上有很多自带破解的下载,大家也可以找一下)

我这里下载的是VM15(安装和新建虚拟机的步骤就跳过了,我也是百度的)

虚拟机配置:2核2G

CentOs下载地址:https://www.centos.org/download/  

 

1.如果是win10系统,需要关闭Hyper-V。

2.为了方便操作,我这里是通过cmd来操作vw的Linux命令,用到了以下两个工具:

安装 chocolate ( https://chocolatey.org/):

管理员方式启动CMD,运行以下命令安装chocolate :

@"%SystemRoot%System32WindowsPowerShellv1.0powershell.exe" -NoProfile -InputFormat None -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))" && SET "PATH=%PATH%;%ALLUSERSPROFILE%chocolateybin"

 

安装完chocolate 后还需要安装 ssh terminals (https://chocolatey.org/packages/terminals),直接CMD运行以下命令就可以:

choco install terminals

顺便说下如何修改Linux主机名称:

hostnamectl set-hostname 新主机名

 

二.配置Linux

(1)开启网卡(设置完需要重启):

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-eth33

ONBOOT=yes

(2)安装net-tool包:

yum install net-tool

(3)使用cmd通过ssh连接Linux:

首先通过ifconfig查看当前Linux的ip,然后在cmd中运行以下命令(管理员模式):

ssh root@IP

(4)关闭所有节点的SELinux

/etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

(5)关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

(6)关闭swap

vi /etc/fstab

在行首加 #,注释该行

(7)完成第6步后重启,然后设置iptables 

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

sudo sysctl -p

三.安装Docker

(1)下载安装

sudo yum install -y yum-utils 
  device-mapper-persistent-data 
  lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager 
    --add-repo 
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker

最后一步下载docker-ce因为是外网,所以会有网络问题,大家八仙过海各显神通哈,从阿里云下载也可以的,总之版本越新越好,我这里是18.09,完成后通过以下命令查看下:

docker -v

(2)配置docker加速器

加速器怎么配置就不说了,这里是我的阿里云加速地址,大家可以自行替换,然后我们还需要指定下k8s的下载地址:

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://bbw0jgk7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

 

cat>>/etc/yum.repos.d/kubrenetes.repo<<EOF

[kubernetes]

name=Kubernetes Repo

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg

EOF

(3)安装:

yum install -y kubeadm  kubelet kubectl

(4)设置开机启动

systemctl start docker.service

systemctl enable docker.service

systemctl enable kubelet.service

(5)初始化k8s

kubeadm init 
    --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers 
    --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 
    --ignore-preflight-errors=cri 
    --kubernetes-version=1.13.0

(6)配置下变量

$ mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
$ sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
$ sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

(7)重启

docker restart $(docker ps -a -q) 

到这一步我们已经可以用以下命令查看集群信息:

kubectl get node

这个时候只有一个master节点,而且Status是NotReady状态,这是因为没有安装网络组件的原因,我们需要安装下

(8)始化网络插件 Flannel

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/a70459be0084506e4ec919aa1c114638878db11b/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

同样这一步也需要访问外网下载镜像,配置了阿里云加速也没用的,网上还有有种在yml文件里配置的方式可以通过阿里云下载,我也不是很清楚,大家可以搜下。

这一步执行完成后,master的Status状态就会变为Ready,master配置就完成了。

 

(9)配置Node

Node的配置和master一样,需要下载docker、kubectl等,但是只需要执行到上面的第(4)步就OK了。

 

(10)通过以下命令将node加入集群

kubeadm join 192.168.3.131:6443 --token s87gto.ruxhofion1qemfte --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ef0333ddcc5ade8541544de89333ab81b20ae96b0345f9a55185eb95e3837905

这个命令第(5)步初始化k8s完成后会自己输出出来,需要注意的是里面的token字段,如果大家忘了token是啥,在master上执行以下命令查看:

kubeadm token list

或者我们也可以在master节点新建token:

kubeadm create token

但是需要注意的是默认情况下,通过 kubeadm create token 创建的 token ,过期时间是24小时,这就是为什么过了一天无法再次使用之前记录的 kube join 原生脚本的原因,也可以运行 kubeadm token create --ttl 0生成一个永不过期的 token,详情请参考:kubeadm-token

然后通过kubectl get node命令就可以看到Node的节点信息了。

如果成功将node加入了集群,但是在master上看不到,参考下:https://www.cnblogs.com/justmine/p/8886675.html

 最终运行结果:

 

 

四.本地安装Kubectl

kubectl可以用来帮助我们本地连接管理集群,这里我们也是通过choco来进行安装,CMD管理员模式运行以下命令:

choco install kubernetes-cli

安装完成后通过以下命令检查是否成功:

kubectl version

这个时候呢还是不成功的,因为用户证书不匹配,我们还需要做以下工作,连接到master运行以下命令查看admin用户证书:

cd /etc/kubernetes/

cat admin.conf

OK,复制下这个配置文件的内容,默认情况下你应该只有一个admin用户的信息,我们需要用这个替换本地的配置文件内容。

在C:UsersAdministrator.kube路径下有一个conig文件,替换掉里面的内容(里面默认只有一个admin用户信息,可以直接替换掉,如果你还有其他的用户上下文信息啥的,那就在后面按格式追加)

这样完成后再次通过kubectl version命令就可以查看到以下内容了:

到这里我们就无需通过连接到master来管理k8s集群了,在本地就可以:

 

四.安装dashboard

首先我们需要准备一个dashboard.yaml,我们通过NodePort暴露端口的方式部署dashboard,这样就不需要启动代理:

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with
# Kubernetes 1.8.
#
# Example usage: kubectl create -f <this_file>

# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          - --auto-generate-certificates
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          mountPath: /certs
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTPS
            path: /
            port: 8443
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        secret:
          secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

然后我们还需要一个用户权限的user.yaml,它用来绑定角色权限:

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: default
  namespace: default

运行这两个yaml文件:

kubectl apply -f dashboard.yaml

kubectl apply -f user.yaml

查看dashborad的端口:

kubectl get svc -n kube-system

我这里是32166端口,然后我们只需要用master机器的IP+这里的32166端口就可以访问了,因为我们用的是假的证书,谷歌浏览器会阻止,所以我们需要使用火狐浏览器,火狐浏览器默认也会阻止,点击高级-添加例外,就可以访问到以下界面:

我们需要使用Token令牌,我们可以通过以下命令查看令牌信息:

kubectl get secret

 

 这里只是给出了令牌名称,具体的令牌需要用以下命令查看:

kubectl describe secret (默认显示第一个)

或者

kubectl describe secret default-token-2qfb8

复制标记出来的token内容,粘贴到令牌那里就可以了:

 

OK,暂时到此结束,后期有新进展再更新。

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